The cylindrical grinding machine is a grinding machine for machining the outer surface of the workpiece with cylindrical, conical or other shape and the end surface of the shoulder; it is the most widely used and can process various cylindrical conical outer surfaces and shoulder end grinding machines.

Among all grinding machines, cylindrical grinding machines are the most widely used type of machine tools. They are generally made up of a cast iron bed in the foundation part, a work table, a head frame that supports and rotates the workpiece, a tailstock, and a grinding wheel. The grinding wheel frame (grinding head), the lateral feeding mechanism for controlling the size of the grinding workpiece, and the main components such as electrical appliances and hydraulic devices for controlling the movement of the moving parts of the machine tool. Cylindrical grinding machines can be generally divided into ordinary cylindrical grinding machines, universal cylindrical grinding machines, wide grinding wheel external cylindrical grinding machines, end face external cylindrical grinding machines, multi-grinding wheel frame external cylindrical grinding machines, multi-plate grinding wheel external cylindrical grinding machines, cut-in cylindrical grinding machines and special external grinding machines. Round grinders, etc. Cylindrical grinding machines are mainly used to grind outer cylindrical and conical surfaces. There are two basic grinding methods: longitudinal grinding and plunge grinding. During longitudinal grinding (see Figure a), the grinding wheel rotates as the main motion (nt), and the feed motion is: the workpiece rotates for the circular feed motion (nω),

The workpiece reciprocates along its axis for longitudinal feed motion (fα). At the end of each longitudinal stroke or reciprocating stroke of the workpiece, the grinding wheel periodically performs a transverse feed motion (fr), and the entire margin is gradually stepped in multiple reciprocating strokes. Grinding away. When cutting into the grinding (see Figure b), the workpiece is only used for circumferential feeding (nω) without longitudinal feed motion, and the grinding wheel is continuously fed transversely (fr) until the entire allowance is ground to the required size. until. On some cylindrical grinding machines, the step surface of the workpiece can also be ground with the end face of the grinding wheel (see Figure c). The workpiece rotates (nω) during grinding and moves slowly along the common axis (fα) to complete the feed motion.